株洲市荷塘區義務教育發展經驗探析論文
摘要：“十三五”期間，“提高教育質量”是教育發展的主題，切實推進基本均衡發展依舊是義務教育發展的中心任務。同時，已經通過基本均衡發展評估認定的區域中，其中一些還存在諸多薄弱環節，鞏固義務教育均衡發展的壓力仍然較大。
新時代，城市化進程加快，二胎政策放開，對義務教育均衡發展提出了新要求，圍繞著“促進公平、提高質量”兩大戰略主題，義務教育進入全面提高質量的新階段，從“基本均衡”過渡到“優質均衡”就是最明顯的體現。
2013 年株洲市荷塘區通過國家義務教育基本均衡發展縣評估認定，近些年取得了一定的成績。不過一些非均衡的現象依然存在，鞏固基本均衡發展成果，全面提高義務教育均衡發展水平和教育質量，實現優質均衡發展，已經成為荷塘區義務教育新的重要任務。資源配置是義務教育辦好的條件和基礎，本文基于資源配置視角，從財力、人力、物力三個方面分析荷塘區義務教育均衡發展過程中的資源配置現狀，對荷塘區義務教育發展非均衡現象進行了分析，發現在教育經費投入上，小學、初中之間投入差距大，而且教育經費年度增長不均衡；在師資配備上，小學教師缺編，公辦初中教師超編，而且教師隊伍校際分布不均衡；在辦學條件上，城區學位緊張，公辦初中不足。究其原因，一方面是教育經費投入總量不足，制約了義務教育的均衡發展。另一方面外來務工人員子女逐年遞增，義務教育供需缺口擴大。此外，由于學校發展歷史不同，校級差距客觀存在，也是影響荷塘區義務教育非均衡發展的重要原因。平等享受優質教育已經成為人民群眾的現實需求。本文從提升教育保障水平，鞏固基本均衡，以及推進教育綜合改革，邁向優質均衡兩個層面為荷塘區義務教育均衡發展提出了對策。一方面，合理配置教育資源，從“人”、“財”、“物”方面進一步鞏固義務教育基本均衡發展的成果。另一面，推進辦學模式改革，推動教育信息化融合創新，進一步促進教育公平，提升教育質量。
關鍵詞：義務教育 均衡發展 資源配置 荷塘區 .
Abstract：
During the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period, “improving the quality ofeducation” is the main theme of educational development, and it is still the centraltask of compulsory education to promote basic balanced development. At the sametime, some of the areas that have been identified through the basic balanceddevelopment supervision evaluation have many weak links, and the pressure toenhance the balanced development of compulsory education is still greater.The newera has put forward a new demand for the balanced development of compulsoryeducation, which revolves around the two strategic themes of “promoting equity andimproving quality”.Compulsory education has e ntered a new stage of improvingquality in an all-round way, and the transition from “basic equilibrium” to “qualityequilibrium” is the most obvious manifestation.
In 2013 the Hutang district of Zhuzhou city, through the state compulsoryeducation development basically balanced county assessment, determined that thecompulsory education balanced development has achieved certain achievements.
However, in recent years, there are still some non -equilibrium phenomena.
Consolidating basic and balanced developme nt achievements, achieving quality andbalanced development, and raising the level and quality of compulsory education inan all-round way have become new and important tasks of compulsory education inHutang district.Resource allocation is the condition a nd foundation of compulsoryeducation. Based on resource allocation, this paper analyzes the current situation ofresource allocation in the process of balanced development of compulsory educationin Hutang district from three aspects of financial, human a nd material resources.It isfound that there is a big gap between primary and middle schools in the investment ofeducation funds, and the annual growth of education funds is not even. In the teachersupply, primary school teachers are deficient, public ju nior middle school teachers areoverqualified, and the distribution of teachers is uneven between schools; On thecondition of running a school, the city degree is nervous, public junior high school isinsufficient.The reason is that the total investment o f education funds is insufficient,which restricts the balanced development of compulsory education. On the other hand,the children of migrant workers have increased year by year, and the gap betweensupply and demand for compulsory education has widened. In addition, due to the different history of school development, the school level gap exists objectively, it isalso an important reason to influence the unbalanced development of compulsoryeducation in Hutang district.Equal access to compulsory educatio n and qualityeducation has become a real demand of the people. This paper puts forward somecountermeasures for the balanced development of compulsory education in Hutangdistrict from the aspects of raising the level of education guarantee, consolidating thebasic balance and promoting the comprehensive reform of education.On the one hand,reasonable allocation of educational resources from the “people”, “money”, “things”
to further consolidate the basic balanced development of compulsory education. Onthe other hand, promote the reform of the school model, promote the integration ofeducation informatization and innovation, further promote educational fairness,improve the quality of education.
Key Words: Compulsory education; Balanced development; Resou rce allocation;Hutang District .
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