6月大學英語四級閱讀練習、答案

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6月大學英語四級閱讀練習、答案（精選3套）

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6月大學英語四級閱讀練習、答案（精選3套）

　　6月大學英語四級閱讀練習、答案 1

　　Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echolocation (回聲定位) in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly practical role.

　　To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. Everyoneknows that if he shouts near a wall or a mountainside, an echo will come back. The further off this solid obstacle, the longer time it will take for the return of the echo. A sound made by tapping on the main body of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, and by measuring the time interval between the taps andthe receipt of the echoes the depth of the sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding equipment, now in general use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying according to the size and nature of the object. A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple step fromlocating the sea bottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improved equipment, it is now possible not only to locate fish but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo.

　　A few years ago it was found that certain bats emit squeaks (吱吱聲) and by receiving ’he echoes they could locate and steer clear of obstacles--or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echolocation in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.

　　練習題：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.

　　A. describe that animals can make different sounds

　　B. prove that animals’ voices can play practical roles

　　C. inspire the readers to make more inventions

　　D. startle the readers with some shocking facts

　　2. The discovery of echolocation may help with all of the following EXCEPT

　　A. measuring the depth of the sea

　　B. distinguishing different kinds of fish

　　C. improving the functions of radaar

　　D. varying the size and nature of an object

　　3. By saying "A shoal of fish will do this"(Lines 6-7, Para. 2), the author means ________.

　　A. only one special kind of fish can reflect sounds

　　B. only one special kind of fish can be used to help locate a ship

　　C. a large group of fish can reflect sounds

　　D. a large group of fish can be used to help locate a ship

　　4. As it is discussed in the passage, the squeaks of bats can be functionally compared with ________.

　　A. human languages

　　B. a mountainside

　　C. a shoal of fish

　　D. taps on a ship

　　5. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?

　　A. Animals are more intelligent than humans.

　　B. Humans are more intelligent than animals.

　　C. Animals are often compared with human inventions.

　　D. Humans are often inspired by animals.

　　1.[B] 主旨大意題。文章第1段就點明主題，明確指出以蝙蝠為例，動物發出的聲音有實際作用，只有B可以概括文章的這個寫作目的。

　　2.[C] 事實細節題。本題考査列舉處，可用排除法解答。A、B、C在文中都有相關提及。D利用第2段中的varying制造干擾。在原文中，指的是回聲因障礙物的不同而不同，而D偷換概念、曲解文意，D中的varying為及物動詞，意為“改變”,顯然不可能是回聲定位的發現帶來的功效。

　　3.[C] 詞義推斷題。本題考查對shoal的詞義推測及代詞this的理解。依據第2段最后幾句話,可推測出a shoal of fish指的.是“海里的一群魚”;this則是指上一句提到的“任何固體都可以反射聲音”，因此這句話表明一大群魚就能像一個固體一樣反射聲音。

　　4.[D] 推理判斷題。根據最后一段可知，蝙蝠發出吱吱聲可以探測障礙物的距離，而第2段也指出輕敲船體可測知海底的距離，因此在功能上,D與蝙蝠的吱吱聲相同。A中的human languages在文中未提到;B和C在文中各自的例子中充當的都是障礙物的角色，因此都不正確。

　　5.[D] 推理判斷題。文章先說動物的回聲定位功能,再說到回聲定位探測儀的發明,由此可見，是動物的某些能力啟發了人類的創造，因此只有D可從文中推測。文章并沒有從智力方面比較人類和動物，因此可以排除A 和B;盡管文章說到了蝙蝠和雷達的原理相似，但是C中的often一詞無據可循，且C的說法浮于表面，沒有說到重點，故排除。

　　6月大學英語四級閱讀練習、答案 2

　　The decline in moral standardswhich has long concerned social analystshas at last captured the attention of average Americans. And Jean Bethke Elshtain, for one, is glad.

　　The fact the ordinary citizens are now starting to think seriously about the nations moral climate, says this ethics (倫理學) professor at the University of Chicago, is reason to hope that new ideas will come forward to improve it.

　　But the challenge is not to be underestimated. Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles. The thought that Im in it for me has become deeply rooted in the national consciousness, Ms. Elshtain says.

　　Some of this can be attributed to the disintegration of traditional communities, in which neighbors looked out for one another, she says. With todays greater mobility and with so many couples working, those bonds have been weakened, replaced by a greater emphasis on self.

　　In a 1996 poll of Americans, loss of morality topped the list of the biggest problems facing the U.S. and Elshtain says the public is correct to sense that: Data show that Americans are struggling with problems unheard of in the 1950s, such as classroom violence and a high rate of births to unmarried mothers.

　　The desire for a higher moral standard is not a lament (挽歌) for some nonexistent golden age, Elshtain says, nor is it a wishful (一廂情愿的) longing for a time that denied opportunities to women and minorities. Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice.

　　Moral decline will not be reversed until people find ways to counter the materialism in society, she says. Slowly, you recognize that the things that matter are those that cant be bought.

　　36. Professor Elshtain is pleased to see that Americans ________.

　　(A) have adapted to a new set of moral standards

　　(B) are longing for the return of the good old days

　　(D) are awakening to the lowering of their moral standards

　　37. The moral decline of American society is caused manly by ________.

　　(A) its growing wealth

　　(B) the self-centeredness of individuals

　　(D) the prejudice against women and minorities

　　38. Which of the following characterizes the traditional communities

　　(A) Great mobility.

　　(B) Concern for ones neighbors.

　　(D) Ever-weakening social bonds.

　　39. In the 1950s, classroom violence ________.

　　(A) was something unheard of

　　(B) was by no means a rare occurrence

　　(D) began to appear in analysts data

　　40. According to Elshtain, the current moral decline may be reversed ________.

　　(A) if people can return to the golden age

　　(B) when women and mean enjoy equal rights

　　(D) if less emphasis is laid on material things

　　36. D 37. B 38. B 39.A 40. D

　　In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like serious illness of a family member were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stressit

　　only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.

　　By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Womens magazines ran headlines like Stress causes illness! If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.

　　But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, manylike the death of a loved oneare impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (處方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.

　　The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes were all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.

　　21. The result of Holmes-Rahes medical research tells us ________.

　　(A) the way you handle major events may cause stress

　　(B) what should be done to avoid stress

　　(D) how to cope with sudden changes in life

　　22. The studies on stress in the early 1970s led to ________.

　　(A) widespread concern over its harmful effects

　　(B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause

　　(D) popular avoidance of stressful jobs

　　23. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.

　　(A) how much pressure you are under

　　(B) how positive events can change your life

　　(D) how you can deal with life-changing events

　　24. Why is such simplistic advice (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow

　　(A) No one can stay on the same job for long.

　　(B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.

　　(D) You could be missing opportunities as well.

　　25. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ____.

　　(A) nervous when faced with difficulties

　　(B) physically and mentally strained

　　(D) indifferent toward what happens to them

　　21. C 22. A 23. A 24.D 25.C

　　6月大學英語四級閱讀練習、答案 3

　　英語四級閱讀選詞填空

　　What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were __1__. The study of how genes and environment interact to influence __2__ activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important __3__ to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.

　　Any research that suggests that __4__ to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can __5__ based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how __6__ they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the __7__ to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(養育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science __8__ that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born __9__ like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it __10__ appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.

　　[A] abilities

　　[B] achieve

　　[C] appeal

　　[D] complaints

　　[E] contributions

　　[F] displayed

　　[G] essentially

　　[H] eventually

　　[I] extent

　　[J] indicates

　　[K] proceeds

　　[L] psychological